NEWSUBGENERAANDSPECIESOFCRANE-FLIESFROMCALIFORNIA(Diptera_Tipulidae).pdf下载分享

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Charles P. Alexander在《太平洋昆虫》杂志上发表了一篇关于加州蚊蚋（Diptera: Tipulidae）的新亚属和物种的重要研究。文章中定义了6个新的亚属和27个新物种，这些发现极大地丰富了我们对这一地区生物多样性的理解。通过对雄性下生殖板（hypopygium）尤其是外抱器（dististyles）结构的详细讨论，作者提供了识别这些新分类单元的关键特征。此外，文中还提到了标本收集的时间跨度和地点，以及支持这项研究的资金来源。对于昆虫学爱好者和专业人士来说，这是一份不可多得的参考资料。

• 文件名称：NEWSUBGENERAANDSPECIESOFCRANE-FLIESFROMCALIFORNIA(Diptera_Tipulidae).pdf

• 文件类型：PDF文档

• 文件标签：昆虫学、蚊蚋、生物多样性

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Pacific Insects 7 (2) : 333-386 
June 20, 1965 
NEW SUBGENERA AND SPECIES OF CRANE-FLIES 
FROM CALIFORNIA (Diptera: Tipulidae) 
By Charles P. Alexander 
AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS 
Abstract: The paper is devoted to the major genus Tipula Linnaeus. Of the 42 subgen-
era presently recognized, 27 occur in the Nearctic fauna, 6 of which are characterized as new: 
Eremotipula, Labiotipula, Serratipula, Setitipula, Tipulodinodes, and Triplicitipula. A brief dis-
cussion of the male hypopygium in the genus is given, with a more detailed account of the 
clasping organs, or dististyles. All subgenera in the Nearctic fauna have been considered 
and dististyles of representative species illustrated. 
The following 27 new species are defined, all being from California excepting powelli 
which is from Oregon. Tipula (Beringotipula) dona/di; T. (B.) monoana; T. (Eremotipula) 
helferi; T. (E.) melanderiana; T. (E.) middlekauffi; T. (E.) schusteri; T. (Hesperotipula) ar-
naudi; T. (H.) ch/orion; T. (H.) millardi; T. (Lindneria) shieldsi; T. (Lunatipula) biavicularia; 
T. (L.) kirkwoodiana; T. (L). lassenensis: T. (L.) macswaini; T. (L.) martini; T. (L.) power-
si; T. (L.) raysmithi; T. (L.) schlingeri; T. (L.) yana; T. (Pterelachisus) cavagnaroi; T. (P.) 
jenseni; T. (Setitipula) esselen; T. (Sinotipula) coleomyia; T. (S.) powelli; T. (Trichotipula) 
kennedyana; T. (Triplicitipula) be/lamyi; and T. (T.) idiotricha. 
For the past several years progress has been made on a study of the crane-flies of Cal-
ifornia, to be published as one of the Bulletins of the California Insect Survey. A num-
ber of new species have been discovered and are being described prior to the publication 
of the Bulletin in order to make the names available. At this time I am defining a num-
ber of subgenera and species, all belonging to the vast genus Tipula Linnaeus which is 
very greatly developed in western North America. In considering the proposed new sub-
genera it has seemed advisable to review briefly all such groups that are known to occur 
in America north of Mexico. In defining these subgenera particular emphasis has been 
placed on the structure of the male hypopygium and especially on the outer clasping organs 
or dististyles. These have been described briefly and a representative of each group has 
been figured to facilitate recognition. Twenty-seven new species are defined but these are 
not illustrated at this time since all are to be include~ in the forthcoming Bulletin. Spe-
cimens are deposited in the following institutions: Alexander Collection (Alexander coll.), 
California Academy of Science (CAS), California Insect Survey (CIS), and Kansas Uni-
versity (KU). 
Field collecting in California by Mrs Alexander and myself began in 1946 and has been 
continued for many years, covering all sections of the state and at different seasons. In 
1957, 1958 and 1959 such field work was supported by a grant from the National Science 
Foundation (G 5188), and in 1963 by a further grant (GB 740). This financial aid was 
most helpful and is gratefully acknowledged. 
In 1964, between January and July, I was 

334 
Pacific Insects 
Vol. 7, no. 2 
a member of the faculty in entomology ...

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