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《Unix®操作系统设计》一书深入探讨了Unix操作系统的架构与内部机制，包括系统结构、缓存管理、文件系统表示等关键领域。本书由Maurice J. Bach撰写，并由Pearson Education Inc.出版发行。

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AT&T

THE DESIGN OF THE UNIX®

OPERATING SYSTEM

Maurice J. Bach

THE DESIGN OF THE UNix® OPERATING SYSTEM
by Maurice J. Bach

Original edition, entitled The Design of the Unix;® Operating System by Maurice J. Bach, published

by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall.

Copyright© 1986 Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, U.S.A.

ISBN-978-81-203-Q516-8

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage
retrieval system, without permission from Pearson Education, Inc.

Indian edition published by PHI Learning Private Limited.

This edition is manufactured in India, and is authorized for sale in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan,
Bangladesh, Nepal and the Maldives only.

Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, M-97, Connaught
Circus, New Delhi-110001 and Printed by Baba Barkha Nath Printers, Bahadurgarh,
Haryana-124507.

To my parents, for their patience and devotion,
to my daughters, Sarah and Rachel, for their laughter,
to my son, Joseph, who arrived after the first printing,
and to my wife, Debby, for her love and understanding.

/''
CONTENTS

PREFACE
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CHAPTER 1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM

1 . 1 HISTORY
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1 .2 SYSTEM STRUCTURE

1 .3 USER PERSPECTIVE
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1 .4 OPERATING SYSTEM SERVICES

1 .5 ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT HARDWARE

1.6 SUMMARY

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6

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CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE KERNEL
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2.1 ARCHITECTURE OF THE UNIX OPERATING
SYSTEM
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2.2 INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM CONCEPTS
2.3 KERNEL DATA STRUCTURES
2.4 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION
2.5 SUMMARY AND PREVIEW
2.6 EXERCISES
CHAPTER 3 THE BUFFER CACHE
3.1 BUFFER HEADERS
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3.2 STRUCTURE OF THE BUFFER POOL
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3.3 SCENARIOS FOR RETRIEVAL OF A BUFFER
3.4 READING AND WRITING DISK BLOCKS
3.5 ADVANTAGES AND DISAOVANTAGES OF THE BUFFER
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53
CACHE
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3.6 SUMMARY
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3.7 EXERCISES
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CHAPTER 4 INTERNAL REPRESENTATION OF FILES
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4.1
INODES
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4.2
STRUCTURE O F A REGULAR FILE
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4.3
DIRECTORIES
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4.,4
CONVERSION OF A PATH NAME TO AN INODE
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4.5
SUPER BLOCK
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4.6
INODE ASSIGNMENT TO A NEW FILE
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4.7
ALLOCATION OF DISK BLOCKS
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4.8
OTHER FILE TYPES
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4.9 SUMMARY
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4.10 EXERCISES
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yj

CHAPTER 5 SYSTEM CALLS FOR THE FILE SYSTEM
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5.1
OPEN
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S.2
READ .
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5.3
WRITE
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5.4
FILE AND RECORD LOCKING
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5.5
ADJUSTING THE POSITION OF FILE 1/0 - LSEEK
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103
5.6
CLOSE
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5.7
FILE CREATION
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105
5.8
CREATION OF SPECIAL FILES
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107
5.9
CHANGE DIRECTORY AND CHANGE ROOT
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109
5.10 CHANGE OWNER AND CHANGE MODE
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1 10
5.1 1 STAT AND FSTAT
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